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  5. QHostAddress

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QHostAddress 類

The QHostAddress 類提供 IP 地址。 更多...

頭： #include <QHostAddress>
qmake: QT += network

公共類型

flags ConversionMode
enum ConversionModeFlag { StrictConversion, ConvertV4MappedToIPv4, ConvertV4CompatToIPv4, ConvertLocalHost, ConvertUnspecifiedAddress, TolerantConversion }
enum SpecialAddress { Null, LocalHost, LocalHostIPv6, Broadcast, ..., Any }

公共函數

QHostAddress ()
QHostAddress (quint32 ip4Addr )
QHostAddress (quint8 * ip6Addr )
QHostAddress (const quint8 * ip6Addr )
QHostAddress (const Q_IPV6ADDR & ip6Addr )
QHostAddress (const sockaddr * sockaddr )
QHostAddress (const QString & address )
QHostAddress (const QHostAddress & address )
QHostAddress (SpecialAddress address )
~QHostAddress ()
void clear ()
bool isEqual (const QHostAddress & other , ConversionMode mode = TolerantConversion) const
bool isInSubnet (const QHostAddress & subnet , int netmask ) const
bool isInSubnet (const QPair<QHostAddress, int> & subnet ) const
bool isLoopback () const
bool isMulticast () const
bool isNull () const
QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol protocol () const
QString scopeId () const
void setAddress (quint32 ip4Addr )
void setAddress (quint8 * ip6Addr )
void setAddress (const quint8 * ip6Addr )
void setAddress (const Q_IPV6ADDR & ip6Addr )
void setAddress (const sockaddr * sockaddr )
bool setAddress (const QString & address )
void setAddress (SpecialAddress address )
void setScopeId (const QString & id )
void swap (QHostAddress & other )
quint32 toIPv4Address () const
quint32 toIPv4Address (bool * ok ) const
Q_IPV6ADDR toIPv6Address () const
QString toString () const
bool operator!= (const QHostAddress & other ) const
bool operator!= (SpecialAddress other ) const
QHostAddress & operator= (QHostAddress && other )
QHostAddress & operator= (const QHostAddress & address )
QHostAddress & operator= (const QString & address )
QHostAddress & operator= (SpecialAddress address )
bool operator== (const QHostAddress & other ) const
bool operator== (SpecialAddress other ) const

靜態公共成員

QPair<QHostAddress, int> parseSubnet (const QString & subnet )
uint qHash (const QHostAddress & key , uint seed = 0)
bool operator!= (QHostAddress::SpecialAddress lhs , const QHostAddress & rhs )
QDataStream & operator<< (QDataStream & out , const QHostAddress & address )
bool operator== (QHostAddress::SpecialAddress lhs , const QHostAddress & rhs )
QDataStream & operator>> (QDataStream & in , QHostAddress & address )

詳細描述

The QHostAddress 類提供 IP 地址。

此類以與平颱和協議無關的方式保持 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址。

QHostAddress 通常用於 QTcpSocket , QTcpServer ，和 QUdpSocket 以連接到主機或設置服務器。

設置主機地址采用 setAddress ()，和檢索采有 toIPv4Address (), toIPv6Address ()，或 toString ()。可以檢查類型采用 protocol ().

注意： 請注意 QHostAddress 不做 DNS 查找。 QHostInfo 是需要的為此。

類還支持常見預定義地址： Null , LocalHost , LocalHostIPv6 , Broadcast ，和 Any .

另請參閱 QHostInfo , QTcpSocket , QTcpServer ，和 QUdpSocket .

成員類型文檔編製

enum QHostAddress:: ConversionModeFlag
flags QHostAddress:: ConversionMode

常量 值 描述
QHostAddress::StrictConversion 0 不轉換 IPv6 地址為 IPv4，當比較 2 QHostAddress 不同協議對象，因此它們始終被認為是不同的。
QHostAddress::ConvertV4MappedToIPv4 1 轉換 IPv4 映射 IPv6 地址 (RFC 4291 第 2.5.5.2 章節) 當比較時。因此 QHostAddress ("::ffff:192.168.1.1") 比較等於 QHostAddress ("192.168.1.1")。
QHostAddress::ConvertV4CompatToIPv4 2 轉換 IPv4 兼容 IPv6 地址 (RFC 4291 第 2.5.5.1 章節) 當比較時。因此 QHostAddress ("::192.168.1.1") 比較等於 QHostAddress ("192.168.1.1")。
QHostAddress::ConvertLocalHost 8 轉換 IPv6 迴送地址為其等效 IPv4 當比較時。因此如 QHostAddress ("::1") 比較等於 QHostAddress ("127.0.0.1")。
QHostAddress::ConvertUnspecifiedAddress 4 所有未指定地址比較相等，也就是 AnyIPv4 , AnyIPv6 和任何。
QHostAddress::TolerantConversion 0xff 設置之前的所有 3 標誌。

該枚舉在 Qt 5.8 引入或被修改。

ConversionMode 類型是 typedef 對於 QFlags <ConversionModeFlag>。它存儲 ConversionModeFlag 值的 OR (或) 組閤。

另請參閱 isEqual ().

enum QHostAddress:: SpecialAddress

常量 值 描述
QHostAddress::Null 0 null 地址對象。相當於 QHostAddress ()。另請參閱 QHostAddress::isNull ().
QHostAddress::LocalHost 2 Pv4 本地主機地址。相當於 QHostAddress ("127.0.0.1")。
QHostAddress::LocalHostIPv6 3 IPv6 本地主機地址。相當於 QHostAddress ("::1").
QHostAddress::Broadcast 1 IPv4 廣播地址。相當於 QHostAddress ("255.255.255.255")。
QHostAddress::AnyIPv4 6 IPv4 任意地址。相當於 QHostAddress ("0.0.0.0")。 與此地址綁定的套接字將隻監聽 IPv4 接口。
QHostAddress::AnyIPv6 5 IPv6 任意地址。相當於 QHostAddress ("::")。與此地址綁定的套接字將隻監聽 IPv6 接口。
QHostAddress::Any 4 雙堆棧任意地址。與此地址綁定的套接字將監聽 IPv4 和 IPv6 接口。

成員函數文檔編製

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress ()

構造 null 主機地址對象，即：對任何主機或接口無效的地址。

另請參閱 clear ().

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress ( quint32 ip4Addr )

構造主機地址對象采用 IPv4 地址 ip4Addr .

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress ( quint8 * ip6Addr )

構造主機地址對象采用 IPv6 地址 ip6Addr .

ip6Addr 必須是網絡字節序 (大端在前) 的 16 字節數組。

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress (const quint8 * ip6Addr )

構造主機地址對象采用 IPv6 地址 ip6Addr .

ip6Addr 必須是網絡字節序 (大端在前) 的 16 字節數組。

該函數在 Qt 5.5 引入。

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress (const Q_IPV6ADDR & ip6Addr )

構造主機地址對象采用 IPv6 地址 ip6Addr .

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress (const sockaddr * sockaddr )

構造 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址使用指定地址通過本機結構 sockaddr .

另請參閱 setAddress ().

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress (const QString & address )

構造 IPv4 或 IPv6 地址基於字符串 address (如 127.0.0.1)。

另請參閱 setAddress ().

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress (const QHostAddress & address )

構造副本為給定 address .

QHostAddress:: QHostAddress ( SpecialAddress address )

構造 QHostAddress 對象為 address .

QHostAddress:: ~QHostAddress ()

銷毀主機地址對象。

void QHostAddress:: clear ()

將主機地址設為 null。

另請參閱 QHostAddress::Null .

bool QHostAddress:: isEqual (const QHostAddress & other , ConversionMode mode = TolerantConversion) const

返迴 true 若此主機地址如同 other 給定地址；否則返迴 false .

參數 mode controls which conversions are preformed between addresses of differing protocols. If no mode 有給定， TolerantConversion 默認履行。

該函數在 Qt 5.8 引入。

另請參閱 ConversionMode and operator== ().

bool QHostAddress:: isInSubnet (const QHostAddress & subnet , int netmask ) const

返迴 true if this IP is in the subnet described by the network prefix subnet and netmask netmask .

An IP is considered to belong to a subnet if it is contained between the lowest and the highest address in that subnet. In the case of IP version 4, the lowest address is the network address, while the highest address is the broadcast address.

The subnet argument does not have to be the actual network address (the lowest address in the subnet). It can be any valid IP belonging to that subnet. In particular, if it is equal to the IP address held by this object, this function will always return true (provided the netmask is a valid value).

該函數在 Qt 4.5 引入。

另請參閱 parseSubnet ().

bool QHostAddress:: isInSubnet (const QPair < QHostAddress , int > & subnet ) const

這是重載函數。

返迴 true 若此 IP 在子網中描述由 subnet 。 QHostAddress member of subnet contains the network prefix and the int (second) member contains the netmask (prefix length).

該函數在 Qt 4.5 引入。

bool QHostAddress:: isLoopback () const

返迴 true 若地址是 IPv6 迴環地址或任何 IPv4 迴環地址。

該函數在 Qt 5.0 引入。

bool QHostAddress:: isMulticast () const

返迴 true 若地址是 IPv4 或 IPv6 多播地址， false 否則。

該函數在 Qt 5.6 引入。

bool QHostAddress:: isNull () const

返迴 true 若此主機地址無效，對於任何主機或接口。

默認構造函數創建 null 地址。

另請參閱 QHostAddress::Null .

[static] QPair < QHostAddress , int > QHostAddress:: parseSubnet (const QString & subnet )

Parses the IP and subnet information contained in subnet and returns the network prefix for that network and its prefix length.

The IP address and the netmask must be separated by a slash (/).

此函數支持的自變量形式：

  • 123.123.123.123/n where n is any value between 0 and 32
  • 123.123.123.123/255.255.255.255
  • <ipv6-address>/n where n is any value between 0 and 128

For IP version 4, this function accepts as well missing trailing components (i.e., less than 4 octets, like "192.168.1"), followed or not by a dot. If the netmask is also missing in that case, it is set to the number of octets actually passed (in the example above, it would be 24, for 3 octets).

該函數在 Qt 4.5 引入。

另請參閱 isInSubnet ().

QAbstractSocket::NetworkLayerProtocol QHostAddress:: protocol () const

返迴主機地址的網絡層協議。

QString QHostAddress:: scopeId () const

返迴 IPv6 地址的作用域 ID。對於 IPv4 地址，或者若地址不包含作用域 ID，空 QString 被返迴。

The IPv6 scope ID specifies the scope of reachability for non-global IPv6 addresses, limiting the area in which the address can be used. All IPv6 addresses are associated with such a reachability scope. The scope ID is used to disambiguate addresses that are not guaranteed to be globally unique.

IPv6 specifies the following four levels of reachability:

  • Node-local: Addresses that are only used for communicating with services on the same interface (e.g., the loopback interface "::1").
  • Link-local: Addresses that are local to the network interface ( link ). There is always one link-local address for each IPv6 interface on your host. Link-local addresses ("fe80...") are generated from the MAC address of the local network adaptor, and are not guaranteed to be unique.
  • Global: For globally routable addresses, such as public servers on the Internet.

When using a link-local or site-local address for IPv6 connections, you must specify the scope ID. The scope ID for a link-local address is usually the same as the interface name (e.g., "eth0", "en1") or number (e.g., "1", "2").

該函數在 Qt 4.1 引入。

另請參閱 setScopeId (), QNetworkInterface ，和 QNetworkInterface::interfaceFromName .

void QHostAddress:: setAddress ( quint32 ip4Addr )

設置 IPv4 地址指定通過 ip4Addr .

void QHostAddress:: setAddress ( quint8 * ip6Addr )

這是重載函數。

設置 IPv6 地址指定通過 ip6Addr .

ip6Addr must be an array of 16 bytes in network byte order (high-order byte first).

void QHostAddress:: setAddress (const quint8 * ip6Addr )

這是重載函數。

設置 IPv6 地址指定通過 ip6Addr .

ip6Addr must be an array of 16 bytes in network byte order (high-order byte first).

該函數在 Qt 5.5 引入。

void QHostAddress:: setAddress (const Q_IPV6ADDR & ip6Addr )

這是重載函數。

設置 IPv6 地址指定通過 ip6Addr .

void QHostAddress:: setAddress (const sockaddr * sockaddr )

這是重載函數。

Sets the IPv4 or IPv6 address specified by the native structure sockaddr 。返迴 true and sets the address if the address was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false .

bool QHostAddress:: setAddress (const QString & address )

這是重載函數。

Sets the IPv4 or IPv6 address specified by the string representation specified by address (e.g. "127.0.0.1"). Returns true and sets the address if the address was successfully parsed; otherwise returns false .

void QHostAddress:: setAddress ( SpecialAddress address )

這是重載函數。

Sets the special address specified by address .

該函數在 Qt 5.8 引入。

void QHostAddress:: setScopeId (const QString & id )

Sets the IPv6 scope ID of the address to id . If the address protocol is not IPv6, this function does nothing. The scope ID may be set as an interface name (such as "eth0" or "en1") or as an integer representing the interface index. If id is an interface name, QtNetwork will convert to an interface index using QNetworkInterface::interfaceIndexFromName () before calling the operating system networking functions.

該函數在 Qt 4.1 引入。

另請參閱 scopeId (), QNetworkInterface ，和 QNetworkInterface::interfaceFromName .

void QHostAddress:: swap ( QHostAddress & other )

交換此主機地址采用 other 。此操作很快且從不失敗。

該函數在 Qt 5.6 引入。

quint32 QHostAddress:: toIPv4Address () const

以數字形式返迴 IPv4 地址。

例如：若地址為 127.0.0.1，返迴值為 2130706433 (即 0x7f000001)。

此值有效若 protocol () 是 IPv4Protocol ，或者若協議是 IPv6Protocol ，且 IPv6 地址是 IPv4 映射地址 (RFC4291)。

另請參閱 toString ().

quint32 QHostAddress:: toIPv4Address ( bool * ok ) const

以數字形式返迴 IPv4 地址。

例如：若地址為 127.0.0.1，返迴值為 2130706433 (即 0x7f000001)。

此值有效若 protocol () 是 IPv4Protocol ，或者若協議是 IPv6Protocol ， 且 IPv6 地址是 IPv4 映射地址 (RFC4291)。在此情況下， ok 會被設為 true。否則，會被設為 false。

另請參閱 toString ().

Q_IPV6ADDR QHostAddress:: toIPv6Address () const

以 Q_IPV6ADDR 結構形式返迴 IPv6 地址。結構由 16 個無符號字符組成。 

Q_IPV6ADDR addr = hostAddr.toIPv6Address();
// addr contains 16 unsigned characters
for (int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
    // process addr[i]
}

此值有效若 protocol () 是 IPv6Protocol 。若協議是 IPv4Protocol ，則返迴映射 IPv4 的 IPv6 地址 (RFC4291)。

另請參閱 toString ().

QString QHostAddress:: toString () const

以字符串形式返迴地址。

例如，若地址是 IPv4 地址 127.0.0.1，返迴字符串 127.0.0.1。對於 IPv6，字符串格式將遵循 RFC5952 推薦。對於 QHostAddress::Any ，其 IPv4 地址將返迴 0.0.0.0

另請參閱 toIPv4Address ().

bool QHostAddress:: operator!= (const QHostAddress & other ) const

返迴 true 若此主機地址不同於 other 給定地址；否則返迴 false .

該函數在 Qt 4.2 引入。

bool QHostAddress:: operator!= ( SpecialAddress other ) const

返迴 true 若此主機地址不同於 other 給定地址；否則返迴 false .

QHostAddress &QHostAddress:: operator= ( QHostAddress && other )

移動賦值運算符。

QHostAddress &QHostAddress:: operator= (const QHostAddress & address )

賦值另一主機 address 到此對象，並返迴此對象的引用。

QHostAddress &QHostAddress:: operator= (const QString & address )

賦值主機地址 address 到此對象，並返迴此對象的引用。

另請參閱 setAddress ().

QHostAddress &QHostAddress:: operator= ( SpecialAddress address )

賦值特殊地址 address 到此對象，並返迴此對象的引用。

該函數在 Qt 5.8 引入。

另請參閱 setAddress ().

bool QHostAddress:: operator== (const QHostAddress & other ) const

返迴 true 若此主機地址如同 other 給定地址；否則返迴 false . This operator just calls isEqual (other, StrictConversion ).

另請參閱 isEqual ().

bool QHostAddress:: operator== ( SpecialAddress other ) const

返迴 true 若此主機地址如同 other 給定地址；否則返迴 false .

相關非成員

uint qHash (const QHostAddress & key , uint seed = 0)

返迴哈希主機地址 key ，使用 seed 做計算種子。

該函數在 Qt 5.0 引入。

bool operator!= ( QHostAddress::SpecialAddress lhs , const QHostAddress & rhs )

返迴 false 若特殊地址 lhs 如同主機地址 rhs ；否則返迴 true .

該函數在 Qt 5.9 引入。

另請參閱 isEqual ().

QDataStream & operator<< ( QDataStream & out , const QHostAddress & address )

寫入主機地址 address 到流 out 並返迴流引用。

另請參閱 序列化 Qt 數據類型 .

bool operator== ( QHostAddress::SpecialAddress lhs , const QHostAddress & rhs )

返迴 true 若特殊地址 lhs 如同主機地址 rhs ；否則返迴 false .

另請參閱 isEqual ().

QDataStream & operator>> ( QDataStream & in , QHostAddress & address )

把主機地址讀入 address 從流 in 並返迴流引用。

另請參閱 序列化 Qt 數據類型 .