The QStateMachine class provides a hierarchical finite state machine. 更多...
| 頭： | #include <QStateMachine> |
| qmake: | QT += core |
| Since: | Qt 4.6 |
| 繼承： | QState |
注意： 此類的所有函數 可重入 .
注意： 這些函數也是 綫程安全 :
| class | SignalEvent |
| class | WrappedEvent |
| enum | Error { NoError, NoInitialStateError, NoDefaultStateInHistoryStateError, NoCommonAncestorForTransitionError } |
| enum | EventPriority { NormalPriority, HighPriority } |
| QStateMachine (QObject * parent = nullptr) | |
| QStateMachine (QState::ChildMode childMode , QObject * parent = nullptr) | |
| virtual | ~QStateMachine () |
| void | addDefaultAnimation (QAbstractAnimation * animation ) |
| void | addState (QAbstractState * state ) |
| bool | cancelDelayedEvent (int id ) |
| void | clearError () |
| QSet<QAbstractState *> | configuration () const |
| QList<QAbstractAnimation *> | defaultAnimations () const |
| QStateMachine::Error | error () const |
| QString | errorString () const |
| QState::RestorePolicy | globalRestorePolicy () const |
| bool | isAnimated () const |
| bool | isRunning () const |
| int | postDelayedEvent (QEvent * event , int delay ) |
| void | postEvent (QEvent * event , QStateMachine::EventPriority priority = NormalPriority) |
| void | removeDefaultAnimation (QAbstractAnimation * animation ) |
| void | removeState (QAbstractState * state ) |
| void | setAnimated (bool enabled ) |
| void | setGlobalRestorePolicy (QState::RestorePolicy restorePolicy ) |
| virtual bool | eventFilter (QObject * watched , QEvent * event ) override |
| void | setRunning (bool running ) |
| void | start () |
| void | stop () |
| void | runningChanged (bool running ) |
| void | started () |
| void | stopped () |
| const QMetaObject | staticMetaObject |
| virtual bool | event (QEvent * e ) override |
| virtual void | onEntry (QEvent * event ) override |
| virtual void | onExit (QEvent * event ) override |
The QStateMachine class provides a hierarchical finite state machine.
QStateMachine is based on the concepts and notation of Statecharts . QStateMachine 屬於 狀態機框架 .
A state machine manages a set of states (classes that inherit from QAbstractState ) and transitions (descendants of QAbstractTransition ) between those states; these states and transitions define a state graph. Once a state graph has been built, the state machine can execute it. QStateMachine 's execution algorithm is based on the SCXML (狀態圖錶 XML) algorithm. The framework's 概述 gives several state graphs and the code to build them.
使用 addState () function to add a top-level state to the state machine. States are removed with the removeState () function. Removing states while the machine is running is discouraged.
Before the machine can be started, the initial state must be set. The initial state is the state that the machine enters when started. You can then start () the state machine. The started () signal is emitted when the initial state is entered.
The machine is event driven and keeps its own event loop. Events are posted to the machine through postEvent (). Note that this means that it executes asynchronously, and that it will not progress without a running event loop. You will normally not have to post events to the machine directly as Qt's transitions, e.g., QEventTransition and its subclasses, handle this. But for custom transitions triggered by events, postEvent () is useful.
The state machine processes events and takes transitions until a top-level final state is entered; the state machine then emits the finished () signal. You can also stop () the state machine explicitly. The stopped () signal is emitted in this case.
The following snippet shows a state machine that will finish when a button is clicked:
QPushButton button; QStateMachine machine; QState *s1 = new QState(); s1->assignProperty(&button, "text", "Click me"); QFinalState *s2 = new QFinalState(); s1->addTransition(&button, SIGNAL(clicked()), s2); machine.addState(s1); machine.addState(s2); machine.setInitialState(s1); machine.start();
This code example uses QState , which inherits QAbstractState 。 QState class provides a state that you can use to set properties and invoke methods on QObject s when the state is entered or exited. It also contains convenience functions for adding transitions, e.g., QSignalTransition s as in this example. See the QState class description for further details.
If an error is encountered, the machine will look for an error state , and if one is available, it will enter this state. The types of errors possible are described by the Error enum. After the error state is entered, the type of the error can be retrieved with error (). The execution of the state graph will not stop when the error state is entered. If no error state applies to the erroneous state, the machine will stop executing and an error message will be printed to the console.
另請參閱 QAbstractState , QAbstractTransition , QState ，和 狀態機框架 .
This enum type defines errors that can occur in the state machine at run time. When the state machine encounters an unrecoverable error at run time, it will set the error code returned by error (), the error message returned by errorString (), and enter an error state based on the context of the error.
| 常量 | 值 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
QStateMachine::NoError
|
0
|
沒有齣現錯誤。 |
QStateMachine::NoInitialStateError
|
1
|
The machine has entered a QState with children which does not have an initial state set. The context of this error is the state which is missing an initial state. |
QStateMachine::NoDefaultStateInHistoryStateError
|
2
|
The machine has entered a QHistoryState which does not have a default state set. The context of this error is the QHistoryState which is missing a default state. |
QStateMachine::NoCommonAncestorForTransitionError
|
3
|
The machine has selected a transition whose source and targets are not part of the same tree of states, and thus are not part of the same state machine. Commonly, this could mean that one of the states has not been given any parent or added to any machine. The context of this error is the source state of the transition. |
另請參閱 setErrorState ().
This enum type specifies the priority of an event posted to the state machine using postEvent ().
Events of high priority are processed before events of normal priority.
| 常量 | 值 | 描述 |
|---|---|---|
QStateMachine::NormalPriority
|
0
|
事件擁有正常優先級。 |
QStateMachine::HighPriority
|
1
|
事件擁有高優先級。 |
此特性保持是否啓用動畫
此特性的默認值為
true
.
訪問函數：
| bool | isAnimated () const |
| void | setAnimated (bool enabled ) |
另請參閱 QAbstractTransition::addAnimation ().
This property holds the error string of this state machine
訪問函數：
| QString | errorString () const |
This property holds the restore policy for states of this state machine.
此特性的默認值為 QState::DontRestoreProperties .
訪問函數：
| QState::RestorePolicy | globalRestorePolicy () const |
| void | setGlobalRestorePolicy (QState::RestorePolicy restorePolicy ) |
This property holds the running state of this state machine
該特性在 Qt 5.4 引入。
訪問函數：
| bool | isRunning () const |
| void | setRunning (bool running ) |
通知程序信號：
| void | runningChanged (bool running ) |
另請參閱 start (), stop (), started (), stopped ()，和 runningChanged ().
Constructs a new state machine with the given parent .
Constructs a new state machine with the given childMode and parent .
該函數在 Qt 5.0 引入。
[虛擬]
QStateMachine::
~QStateMachine
()
Destroys this state machine.
Adds a default animation to be considered for any transition.
添加給定 state to this state machine. The state becomes a top-level state.
If the state is already in a different machine, it will first be removed from its old machine, and then added to this machine.
另請參閱 removeState () 和 setInitialState ().
Cancels the delayed event identified by the given
id
. The id should be a value returned by a call to
postDelayedEvent
()。返迴
true
if the event was successfully cancelled, otherwise returns
false
.
注意： 此函數是 綫程安全 .
另請參閱 postDelayedEvent ().
Clears the error string and error code of the state machine.
Returns the maximal consistent set of states (including parallel and final states) that this state machine is currently in. If a state
s
is in the configuration, it is always the case that the parent of
s
is also in c. Note, however, that the machine itself is not an explicit member of the configuration.
Returns the list of default animations that will be considered for any transition.
Returns the error code of the last error that occurred in the state machine.
Returns the error string of the last error that occurred in the state machine.
注意： getter 函數對於特性 errorString .
[override virtual protected]
bool
QStateMachine::
event
(
QEvent
*
e
)
重實現自 QState::event ().
[override virtual]
bool
QStateMachine::
eventFilter
(
QObject
*
watched
,
QEvent
*
event
)
重實現自 QObject::eventFilter ().
Returns the restore policy of the state machine.
注意： getter 函數對於特性 globalRestorePolicy .
另請參閱 setGlobalRestorePolicy ().
Returns whether animations are enabled for this state machine.
注意： getter 函數對於特性 animated .
[override virtual protected]
void
QStateMachine::
onEntry
(
QEvent
*
event
)
重實現自 QState::onEntry ().
This function will call start () to start the state machine.
[override virtual protected]
void
QStateMachine::
onExit
(
QEvent
*
event
)
重實現自 QState::onExit ().
This function will call stop () to stop the state machine and subsequently emit the stopped () 信號。
Posts the given event for processing by this state machine, with the given delay in milliseconds. Returns an identifier associated with the delayed event, or -1 if the event could not be posted.
This function returns immediately. When the delay has expired, the event will be added to the state machine's event queue for processing. The state machine takes ownership of the event and deletes it once it has been processed.
You can only post events when the state machine is running.
注意： 此函數是 綫程安全 .
另請參閱 cancelDelayedEvent () 和 postEvent ().
Posts the given event 為給定 priority for processing by this state machine.
This function returns immediately. The event is added to the state machine's event queue. Events are processed in the order posted. The state machine takes ownership of the event and deletes it once it has been processed.
You can only post events when the state machine is running or when it is starting up.
注意： 此函數是 綫程安全 .
另請參閱 postDelayedEvent ().
移除 animation from the list of default animations.
移除給定 state from this state machine. The state machine releases ownership of the state.
另請參閱 addState ().
[signal]
void
QStateMachine::
runningChanged
(
bool
running
)
This signal is emitted when the running property is changed with running 作為自變量。
該函數在 Qt 5.4 引入。
注意： 通知程序信號對於特性 running .
另請參閱 QStateMachine::running .
Sets whether animations are enabled for this state machine.
注意： setter 函數對於特性 animated .
另請參閱 isAnimated ().
Sets the restore policy of the state machine to restorePolicy . The default restore policy is QState::DontRestoreProperties .
注意： setter 函數對於特性 globalRestorePolicy .
另請參閱 globalRestorePolicy ().
[slot]
void
QStateMachine::
start
()
Starts this state machine. The machine will reset its configuration and transition to the initial state. When a final top-level state ( QFinalState ) is entered, the machine will emit the finished () 信號。
注意： A state machine will not run without a running event loop, such as the main application event loop started with QCoreApplication::exec () 或 QApplication::exec ().
另請參閱 started (), finished (), stop (), initialState ()，和 setRunning ().
[signal]
void
QStateMachine::
started
()
This signal is emitted when the state machine has entered its initial state ( QStateMachine::initialState ).
注意： 這是私有信號。它可以用於信號連接，但不能由用戶發射。
另請參閱 QStateMachine::finished () 和 QStateMachine::start ().
[slot]
void
QStateMachine::
stop
()
Stops this state machine. The state machine will stop processing events and then emit the stopped () 信號。
另請參閱 stopped (), start ()，和 setRunning ().
[signal]
void
QStateMachine::
stopped
()
This signal is emitted when the state machine has stopped.
注意： 這是私有信號。它可以用於信號連接，但不能由用戶發射。
另請參閱 QStateMachine::stop () 和 QStateMachine::finished ().